DOI: 10.11118/978-80-7509-772-9-0127
WHAT DRIVES STUDENTS’ INTENTION TO PLAGIARISE IN MONTENEGRO: THE MODERATING ROLE OF TEXT MATCHING SOFTWARE
- Sanja Pekovic, Jovana Vukcevic, Dijana Vuckovic, Rajka Djkovic, Marijana Blecic
- University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
We enrich the extended theory of planned behaviour (ETPB), to which we introduced two additional components – academic and computer literacy – to examine how different behavioural, moral and educational traits influence students’ intentions to plagiarise. We argue that the relationship between components of the ETPB and students’ intention to plagiarise is likely to be nuanced – and may display significant divergence depending on the students’ awareness of text matching software utilisation. Using a sample of around 400 students from the University of Montenegro, our results partly confirmed that the extended theory of planned behaviour is an accurate predictor of the students’ intention to plagiarise. More precisely, favourable attitudes towards plagiarism, low perceived behavioural control and low moral obligation influence positively students’ intention to plagiarise. On the contrary, low subjective norms as well as both low academic and high computer literacy are found to be not significantly related to the students’ intention to plagiarise. Further analysis reveals that the introduction of the moderator variable (students’ awareness of text matching software utilisation) weakens the relation between the ETPB’s components and students’ intention to plagiarise. Overall, the obtained findings undoubtedly demonstrate that students’ awareness of the utilisation of the text matching software acts as a strong impediment to the intention to plagiarise, mainly neutralizing the positive relations between the ETPB’s components and intention to plagiarise.
Klíčová slova: Students’ Intention to Plagiarise; the Extended Theory of Planned Behaviour; Academic Literacy; Computer Literacy; Text Matching Software; Moderating Approach
stránky: 127-154
Reference
- AJZEN, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- ALLEYNE P., & PHILLIPOS K. (2011). Exploring academic dishonestly among university in Barbadis: an extension to the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Academic Ethics, 9, 323-338.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- ANGELL, L. R. (2006). The relationship of impulsiveness, personal efficacy, and academic motivation to college cheating. College Student Journal, 40(1), 118-131
- ASARE, M. (2015). Using the theory of planned behavior to determine the condom use behavior among college students. American Journal of Health Studies, 30 (1), 43-50.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- ASHWORTH, P., BANNISTER, P., & THORNE, P. (1997). Guilty in whose eyes? University students' perceptions of cheating and plagiarism in academic work and assessment. Studies in Higher Education, 22(2), 187-204.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- BARON, R. M., & KENNY, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- BARRY, E. (2006). Can paraphrasing practice help students define plagiarism? College Student Journal, 40, 377-384.
- BAILEY, S. (2011). Academic writing: A handbook for international students (3nd ed.). London: Routledge BATANE, T. (2010). Turning to Turnitin to Fight Plagiarism among University Students. Educational Technology & Society, 13(2), 1-12.
- BENNETT, R. (2005). Factors associated with student plagiarism in post-1992 university. Assessment& Evaluation in Higher Education, 30 (2), 137-162.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- BENETT, R. (2017). Online academic integrity: an examination of MBA students' behavioral intent of engaging in plagiarism. Ph.D. Dissertation, University Phoenix.
- BECK, L., & AJZEN, I. (1991). Predicting dishonest actions using the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Research in Personality, 25 (3), 285-301.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- BELTER, R., & DU PRE, A. (2009). A Strategy to Reduce Plagiarism in an Undergraduate Course. Teaching of Psychology, 36, 257-261.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- BELLACK, J. P. (2004). Why plagiarism matters. Journal of Nursing Education, 43(12), 527-528.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- BILIC-ZULLE, L., AZMAN, J., FRKOVIC, F., & PETROVECKI, M. (2008). Is there an Effective Approach to Detering Students from Plagiarizing? Science and Engineering Ethics, 14, 139-147.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- BOEHM, P., JUSTICE, M., & WEEKS, S. (2009). Promoting academic integrity in higher education. The Community College Enterprise, 15(1) 45-61.
- BRADINOVA, M. (2006). Exploring students' and university teachers' perceptions of plagiarism. Ph.D. Dissertation, Indiana University of Pennsylvania.
- BRADLEY, H. T. (2010). Student Plagiarism and the Use of a Plagiarism Detection Tool by Community College Faculty. Ph.D. Dissertation, Indiana State University.
- BRADLEY, E. G. (2015). Using computer simulations and games to prevent student plagiarism. Journal of Education and Technology Systems, 44(2), 240-252.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- BRAUMOELLER, B., & GAINES, B. (2001). Actions do speak louder than words: Deterring plagiarism with the use of plagiarism-detection software. Political Science & Politics, 34, 835-839.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- BRENNAN, T. (2015). The Effect of Turnitin.com on Non Traditional, Graduate Student Awareness, Behavior and Trust. Ph.D. Dissertation, Trident University, Cypress, USA.
- BROECKELMAN-POST, M. A. (2009) Building a Culture of Academic Integrity: The Role of Communication in Creating and Changing Understandings and Enactments of Academic Integrity. Ph.D. Dissertation, the Scripps College of Communication of Ohio University.
- BURKE, M. (2004). Deterring plagiarism: a new role for librarians. Library Philosophy and Practice, 6 (2), 1-9. CALVO, S., CELINI, L., MORALES, A., & MARTINES, J. M. G. (2020). Academic Literacy and Student Diversity: Evaluating a Curriculum-Integrated Inclusive Practice Intervention in the United Kingdom. Sustainability, 12 (3), 1155.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- CAMARA, S. K., ENG-ZISKIN, S., WIMBERLEY, L., DABBOUR, K. S., & LEE, C. M. (2017). Predicting Students' Intention to Plagiarize: an Ethical Theoretical Framework. Journal of Academic Ethics, 15, 43-58.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- CAMPBELL, C. R., SWIFT, C. O., & DENTON, L. (2000). Cheating Goes Hi-Tech: Online Research Paper Mills. Journal of Management Education, 24, 726-40.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- CARNERO, A. M., PERCY M.-T., KONDA, K. A., MEZONES-HOLGUIN, E., BERNABE-ORTIZ, A., ALVARADO, F., &
- CANELO-AYBAR, C. (2017). Plagiarism, Cheating and Research Integrity: Case Studies from a Masters Program in Peru. Science and Engineering Ethics, 23 (4), 1183-97.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- CARROLL, J. (2009). Plagiarism as a Threat to Learning: An Educational Response. In G, Joughin, (Ed.). Assessment, Learning and Judgement in Higher Education: A Critical Review (pp. 115-131). Berlin: Springer.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- CARPENTER, D. D., HARDING, T. S., FINELLI, C. J., & PASSOW, H. J. (2004). Does academic dishonesty relate to unethical behavior in professional practice? An exploratory study. Science and Engineering Ethics, 10, 311-324.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- CHUDZICKA-CZUPAl:.A, A., GRABOWSKI, D., MELLO, A. L., KUNTZ, J., ZAHARIA, D. V., HAPON, N., & BORU, D. (2016). Application of the theory of planned behavior in academic cheating research - cross-cultural comparison. Ethics & Behavior, 26, 638-659.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- COHEN, J., COHEN, P., WEST, S. G., & AIKEN, L. S. (2003). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
- COMPTON, J., & PFAU, M. (2008). Inoculating against pro-plagiarism justifications: Rational and affective strategies. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 36(1), 98-119.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- CORTES-VERA, J. A. (2018). Mexican strategy to promote greater ethics in academic communications through nation-wide access to Turnitin. Information Development, 34(4), 422-427.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- CURTIS, G. J., COWCHER, E., GREENE, B. R., RUNDLE, K., PAULL, M., & DAVIS, M. C. (2018). Self-control, injunctive norms, and descriptive norms predict engagement in plagiarism in a theory of planned behavior model. Journal of Academic Ethics, 16(3), 225-239.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- CURTIS, G. J., GOULDTHORP, B., THOMAS, E. F., O'BRIEN, G. M., & CORREIA, H. M. (2013). Online academic-integrity mastery training may improve students' awareness of, and attitudes toward, plagiarism. Psychology Learning & Teaching, 12(3), 282-289.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- DAVIS, S. F. (1993). Cheating in college is for a career: Academic dishonesty in the 1990s. Paper presented at the The 39th Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Psychological Association, Atlanta, GA.
- DAVIS, M. (2007). The role of Turnitin in the formative process of academic writing: A tool for learning and unlearning? Brookes e-Journal of Learning and Teaching, 2(1) Available at: http://bejlt.brookes.ac. uk/article/the_role_of_turnitin_within_the_formative_process_of_academic_writing/
- DAVIS, S., BECKER, A., GROVER, C. A., & MCGREGOR, L. (1992). Academic Dishonesty: Prevalence, Determinants, Techniques, and Punishments. Teaching of Psychology, 19 (1), 16-20.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- DAVIS, S. F., & LUDVIGSON, H. W. (1995). Additional data on academic dishonesty and a proposal for remediation. Teaching of Psychology, 22, 119-122.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- DEN OUDEN, H., & VAN WIJK, C. (2011). Plagiarism: Punish or prevent? Some experiences with academic copycatting in the Netherlands. Business Communication Quarterly, 74(2), 196-200.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- DEVLIN, M., & GRAY, K. (2007). In their own words: a qualitative study of the reasons Australian university students plagiarize. Higher Education Research & Development, 26 (2), 181-198.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- DIEKHOFF, G. M., LABEFF, E. E., SHINOHARA, K., & YASUKAWA, H. (1999). College cheating in Japan and the United States. Research in Higher Education, 40, 343-353.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- EISENBERG, J. (2004). To cheat or not to cheat: effects of moral perspective and situational variables on students' attitudes. Journal of Moral Education, 33(2), 163-178.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- ELLERY, K. (2008). An investigation into electronic-source plagiarism in a first-year essay assignment. Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, 33(6), 607-617.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- ENGLER, J. N., LANDAU, J. D., & EPSTEIN, M. (2008). Keeping up with the Joneses: Students' perceptions of academically dishonest behavior. Teaching of Psychology, 35, 99-102.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- ERCEGOVAC, Z., & RICHARDSON, J. V. (2004). Academic Dishonesty, Plagiarism Included, in the Digital Age: A Literature Review. College & Research Libraries, 65 (4), 301-318.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- ERET, E., & OK, A. (2014). Internet plagiarism in higher education: tendencies, triggering factors and reasons among teacher candidates. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 39(8), 1002-1016.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- FERGUSON, L. M. (2013). Student Self-Reported Academically Dishonest Behavior in Two-Year Colleges in the State of Ohio. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Toledo, USA.
- FISHBEIN, M., & AJZEN, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behaviour: An Introduction to theory and research. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
- GENEREUX, R. L., & MCLEOD, B. A. (1995). Circumstances surrounding cheating: A questionnaire study of college students. Research in Higher Education, 36(6), 687-704.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- GREBING, R. E. (2015). The effect of online academic tutorial on student perception of cheating. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA.
- GROARK, M., OBLINGER, D. G., & CHOA, M. (2001). Term paper mills, anti-plagiarism tools, and academic integrity. Educause Review, September/October, 40-48.
- HARDING, T. S., MAYHEW, M. J., FINELLI, C. J., & CARPENTER, D. D. (2007). The Theory of Planned Behavior as a Model of Academic Dishonesty in Engineering and Humanities Undergraduates. Ethics and Behavior, 17(3), 255-279.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- HODGES, A., BICKHAM, T., SCHMIDT, E., & SEAWRIGHT, L. (2017). Challenging the profiles of a plagiarist: a study of abstracts submitted to an international interdisciplinary conference. International Journal for Educational Integrity, 13(7), 1-15.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- HOO QUAH, C., WAI, J., LEE, C., & STEWART, N. (2012). Attitudes of Business Students' Toward Plagiarism. Journal of Academic Ethics, 10 (3), 185-199.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- HOWARD, R. M., & DAVIES, L. J. (2009). Plagiarism in the Internet age. Educational Leadership, 66(6), 64-67
- HENDY, N., & MONTARGO, M. (2019). Understanding Academic dishonesty among business school students in France using the theory of planned behavior. The International Journal of Management Education, 17, 85-93.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- HSIAO, CH. (2015). Impact of ethical and affective variables on cheating: Comparison of undergraduate students with and without jobs. Higher Education, 69, 55-77.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- HUSAIN, F., GHAYTH K. AL SHAIBANI, S., & MADFOODH, O. (2017). Perceptions of and Attitudes toward Plagiarism and Factors Contributing to Plagiarism: A Review of Studies. Journal of Academic Ethics, 15 (2), 167-195.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- IMRAN, A. M., & NORDIN, M. S. (2013). Predicting the Underlying Factors of Academic Dishonesty among Undergraduates in Public Universities: A Path Analysis Approach. Journal of Academic Ethics, 11(2), 103-120.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- JONES, D. L. R. (2011) Academic dishonesty: Are more students cheating? Business Communication Quarterly, 74(2), 141-150
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- LATHROP, A., & K. FOSS. (2000). Student cheating and plagiarism in the Internet era: A wake-up call. Englewood, CA: Libraries Unlimited.
- LEASK, B. (2006). Plagiarism, cultural diversity and metaphor - implications for academic staff development. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 32 (2), 183-199.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- LEDWITH, A., & RiSQUEZ, A. (2008). Using anti-plagiarism software to promote academic honesty in the context of peer reviewed assignments. Studies in Higher Education, 33(4), 371-384.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- MACDONALD, R., & CARROLL, J. (2006). Plagiarism - a complex issue requiring a holistic institutional approach. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 31, 233-245.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- MACFARLANE, B., ZHANG, J., & PUN, A. (2014). Academic Integrity: A Review of the Literature. Studies in Higher Education, 39(2), 339-358.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- MARTIN, D. (2005). Plagiarism and technology: A tool for coping with plagiarism. Journal of Education for Business, 80, 149-152.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- MCCABE, D. L. (2005). It takes a village: Academic dishonesty & educational opportunity. Liberal Education, Summer/Fall, 26-31.
- MCCABE, D. L., & TREVINO, L. K. (1993). Academic Dishonesty: Honor Codes and Other Contextual Influences. The Journal of Higher Education, 64 (5), 522-538
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- MCCABE, D. L., & TREVINO L. K. (1997). Individual and Contextual Influences on Academic Dishonesty: A Multicampus Investigation. Research in Higher Education, 38 (3), 379-396.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- MCCABE, D. L., TREVINO, L. K., & BUTTERFIELD, K. D. (2002). Honor codes and other contextual influences on academic integrity: A replication and extension of modified honor code settings. Research in Higher Education, 43, 357-378.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- MCCABE, D. L., & TREVINO, L. K. (1996). What We Know About Cheating in College. Change, 28, 28-33.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- MCCABE, D. L., TREVINO, L., K., & BUTTERFIELD, K. D. (2001). Cheating in academic institutions: A decade of research. Ethics & Behavior, 11 (3), 219-233.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- MELGOZA, P., & SMITH, J. (2008). Revitalizing an Existing Honor Code Program. Innovative Higher Education, 32(4), 209-210.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- NEWSTEAD, S., FRANKLYN-STOKES, A., & ARMSTEAD, P. (1996). Individual Differences in Student Cheating. Journal of Educational Psychology, 88, 229-241.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- NONIS, S., & SWIFT, C. O. (2001). An examination of the relationship between academic dishonesty and workplace dishonesty: A multicampus investigation. Journal of Education for Business, November/December, 60-76.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- PARK, H., & BLENKINSOPP, J. (2009). Whistleblowing as Planned Behavior - A survey of South Korean Police Officers. Journal of Business Ethics, 85, 545-556.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- PARK, C. (2003). In other (people's) words: Plagiarism by university students - literature and lessons. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 28, 471-488.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- PASSOW, H. J., MAYHEW, M. J., FINELLI, C. J., HARDING, T. S., & CARPENTER, D. D. (2006). Factors influencing engineering students' decisions to cheat by type of assessment. Research in Higher Education, 47, 643-684.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- PECORARI, D. (2008). Academic writing and plagiarism: a linguistic analysis. London, New York: Continuum.
- PERKINS, H. W. (2003). The social norms approach to preventing school and college age substance abuse: A handbook for educators, counselors, and clinicians. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
- RAMAZAN, M., ASIF, M., & SIDDIQUE, N. (2012). Awareness about plagiarism amongst university students in Pakistan. Higher Education, 64, 73-84.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- REID, J. (2005). Academic literacy. Available http://www.une.edu.au/tlc/alobefore1.htm.
- ROGERSON, A. M., & MCCARTHY, G. (2017). Using internet based paraphrasing tools: Original work, patch writing or facilitated plagiarism? International Journal for Educational Integrity, 13(2), 1-15.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- ROIG, M., & CASO, M. (2005). Lying and Cheating: Fraudulent Excuse Making, Cheating, and Plagiarism. The Journal of Psychology Interdisciplinary and Applied, 139 (6), 485-494.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- SALEHI L., & GHASEMZADEH, M. (2018). Application of Theory of Planned Behavior in Prediction of Factors Affecting the Intention of Plagiarism. Journal of Medical Education Development, 11 (31), 52-62.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- SELWYN, N. (2008). Not necessarily a bad thing...: A study of online plagiarism amongst undergraduate students. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 35 (5), 465-479.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- SCOULLER, K., BONANNO, H., & SMITH, L. (2008). Student experience and tertiary expectations: factors predicting academic literacy amongst first-year pharmacy students. Studies in Higher Education, 33(2), 167-178.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- SELEMANI, A., CHAWINGA W. D., DUBE, G. (2018). Why do postgraduate students commit plagiarism? An empirical study. International Journal for Educational Integrity, 14, 1-15.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- SEMERCI, Ç. (2006). The effect of problem-based learning on the critical thinking of students in the Intellectual and Ethical Development Unit. Social Behavior and Personality, 34, 41-50.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- SIMON, C. A., CARR, J. R., MCCULLOUGH, S. M., MORGAN, S. J., OLESON, T., & RESSEL, M. G. (2004). Student perceptions, institutional commitments and academic dishonesty: who reports in academic dishonesty cases? Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, 29, 75-90.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- SMYTH, M. L., & DAVIS, J. R. (2004). Perceptions of dishonesty among two-year college students: academic versus business situations. Journal of Business Ethics, 51, 63-73.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- STONE, T. H., KISAMORE, J. L., & JAWAHAR, I. M. (2007). Predicting Academic Dishonesty. Paper presented at the 2007 Management Education Division of the Administrative Sciences Association of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.
- STONE, T. H., JAWAHAR, I. M., & KISAMORE, J. L. (2009). Using the theory of planned behavior and cheating justifications to predict academic misconduct. Career Development International, 14, 221-241.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- STOUT, D. (2013). Teaching students about plagiarism: What it looks like and how it is measured. Ph.D. Dissertation, Western Michigan University.
- STOWE, S. (2017). Will They Or Not? Online Faculty Intentions To Report Student Plagiarism. Academy of Educational Leadership Journal, 21(1).
- SUTHERLAND-SMITH, W., & CARR, R. (2005). Turnitin.com: Teacher's perspectives of antiplagiarism software in raising issues of educational integrity. Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice, 2(3b), 94-101.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- SZABO, A., & UNDERWOOD, J. (2004). Cyber cheats: Is information and communication technology fueling academic dishonesty? Active Learning in Higher Education, 5(2), 180-200.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- TINDALL, I., & CURTIS, G. (2020). Negative Emotionality Predicts Attitudes Toward Plagiarism. Journal of Academic Ethics, 18(1), 89-102.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- TOWNLEY, C., & PARSELL, M. (2004). Technology and academic virtue: Student plagiarism through the looking glass. Ethics and Information Technology, 6(4), 271-277.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- TRUSHELL, J., BYRNE, K., & SIMPSON, R. (2012). Cheating behaviours, the Internet and Education undergraduate students. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 28(2), 136-145.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- UZUNA, A. M., & KILIS, S. (2020). Investigating antecedents of plagiarism using extended theory of planned behavior. Computers & Education, 144, 103700.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- VAN ZYL, A., & THOMAS, A. (2015). Academic honesty: Perceptions of millennial university students and the role of moderating variables. Koers, 80(1), 1-15.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- VERSCHOOR, C. (2003). 10 Steps to an effective ethics and compliance program. Strategic Finance, 85(6), 2-4.
- WALKER, J. (2010). Measuring plagiarism: Researching what students do, not what they say they do. Studies in Higher Education, 35(1), 41-59.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- WANG, Y. (2008). University student online plagiarism. International Journal on E-Learning, 7(4), 743-757. WEINSTEIN, J. W., & DOBKIN, C. E. (2002). Plagiarism in U.S. Higher Education: Estimating Internet Plagiarism Rates and Testing a Means of Deterrence, Available: http://webdisk.berkeley.edu/Weinstein/Weinstein-JobMarketPaper.PDF.
- WHITLEY, B. E., JR. (1998). Factors associated with cheating among college students: A review. Research in Higher Education, 39, 235-274.
Přejít k původnímu zdroji...
- WILCOX, B. L. (2005). Plagiarism in the information age. English Leadership Quarterly, 28(1), 1-2. WILLEN, M. (2004). Reflections on the Cultural Climate of Plagiarism. Liberal Education, 90(4), 55-58. YEUNG, A. H. W., CHU, C. B. L., CHU, S. K., & FUNG, C. K. W. (2018). Exploring junior secondary students' plagiarism behavior. Journal of Librarianship and Information Science, 50(4), 361-373.