DOI - Mendel University Press

DOI identifiers

DOI: 10.11118/978-80-7509-795-8-0005

BIODIVERSIDAD, MEDICINA TRADICIONAL AMAZÓNICA Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DE LOS BENEFICIOS

Giorgia Tresca, Matteo Politi, Fabio Friso, Rosa Giove, Jacques Mabit

El Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica (CDB) de 1992 fue el primer tratado internacional enfocado en el tema de la propiedad de los recursos genéticos (Hesketh, 2015). Sus tres objetivos son: la conservación de la diversidad biológica; el uso sostenible de sus componentes; la distribución justa y equitativa de los beneficios derivados de la utilización de los recursos genéticos (CBD, 1992). El CDB fue posteriormente reforzado por el Protocolo de Nagoya entrado en vigor en octubre de 2014. Este acuerdo establece que el acceso a los recursos genéticos solo puede ocurrir con el consentimiento informado previo del país proveedor y que una distribución justa y equitativa de los beneficios debe especificarse mediante términos mutuamente acordados entre el solicitante del recurso y el proveedor del mismo (CBD, 2010). De esta forma, el Protocolo de Nagoya pretende ser un instrumento de lucha contra la biopiratería para atender cualquier caso de apropiación indebida de propiedad intelectual. El mecanismo de Acceso y Distribución de Beneficios (ABS) que es parte del Protocolo de Nagoya fue pensado como una respuesta a siglos de explotación salvaje de la biodiversidad y falta de reconocimiento de los derechos de propiedad de los países de origen (Heinrich & Hesketh, 2019).

pages: 75-85



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