ISBN online: 978-80-7509-932-7 | DOI: 10.11118/978-80-7509-932-7
Sborník 22. ročníku konference KRAJINNÉ INŽENÝRSTVÍ 2023, se zaměřením na zadržení vody v krajině a adaptační opatření na očekávané klimatické změny
14.–15. 9. 2023 Křtiny
- Jaromír Čašek (ed.)., Jitka Fialová (ed.).
online: 2023, publisher: Mendelova univerzita v Brně
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Conference papers
LUŽNÍ LESY NA JIŽNÍ MORAVĚ A KLAPKOVÝ JEZ POHANSKO – ŠANCE ZAJISTIT VODU PRO LUŽNÍ LESY NA SOUTOKU MORAVY A DYJE
Pavel Hopjan, Jan Dovrtěl
DOI: 10.11118/978-80-7509-932-7-0005
FLOODPLAIN FORESTS IN SOUTHERN MORAVIA AND FLAP WEIR
POHANSKO – A CHANCE TO SECURE WATER FOR FLOODPLAIN FORESTS
AT THE CONFLUENCE OF THE MORAVA AND DYJE RIVERS
Alluvial forests in the lower floodplains of the Morava and Dyje rivers to their confluence are
dependent on sufficient water from the rivers. Especially in the second half of the 20th century,
there were big changes in the water regime of these forests related to construction
improvements on these rivers. In the 1990s, measures were taken by local foresters to
ensure sufficient water for floodplain forests. Currently, the state enterprise Lesy České
republiky is preparing a new water project. The main goal of this project is the construction of
a transverse weir in Dyje river, which will enable a better supply of water to the forests in the
Soutok forest area below the town of Břeclav. The flap weir will enable the efficient use of
water from the Dyje river and the inflow of water into the Soutok polder and the supply of
water to the floodplain forest complex. The aim of these measures is to replace the natural
water regime of floods, on which the biodiversity of the Special Areas of Conservation – SAC
Soutok - Podluží depends.
STATICKÉ ŘEŠENÍ DŘEVĚNÝCH VODOHOSPODÁŘSKÝCH OBJEKTŮ
Václav Mráz, Martin Duchan
DOI: 10.11118/978-80-7509-932-7-0019
STATIC DESIGN OF WOODEN WATER MANAGEMENT BUILDINGS
Wooden water management structures are mainly built on mountain streams, where there is
plenty of wood of good quality and suitable dimensions and shapes. These are transverse
objects in the bed of a stream or melioration channel, which enable manipulation of the water
level up to the level of the storage threshold, or to the bottom. With regard to changing
climatic conditions and to ensure measures for localities affected by the groundwater level,
their use has become increasingly relevant in the recent period. The incomplete effect of
wooden overhangs led to the realization that it is necessary to pay more attention to their
static solution. The article presents examples of the assessment of wooden water
management objects with regard to the requirements of the EUROCODES.
ÚZEMNÍ STUDIE KRAJINY
Karel Wirth
DOI: 10.11118/978-80-7509-932-7-0032
LANDSCAPE PLANNING STUDY
The landscape planning study is a specific spatial planning tool focused on the proposal of
measures in the landscape with the prospect of their subsequent projection into spatial
planning documentation (primarily into spatial plans) and their gradual implementation, e.g.
through land consolidation.
The article introduces the reader to the content orientation of the landscape planning study
and related methodological materials. The position of the landscape planning study in the
system of spatial planning tools and the mutual relationship between the landscape planning
study and land consolidation are also presented, with an emphasis on explaining the
principles of taking over the proposed solution from the land consolidation to the landscape
planning study and vice versa.
REVITALIZACE RAŠELINIŠŤ Z POHLEDU PROJEKTANTA
Vendula Koterová, Josef Bím
DOI: 10.11118/978-80-7509-932-7-0038
REVITALIZATION OF PEATLANDS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE DESIGNER
Presentation of the approach to the preparation of a project for the revitalization of peatlands
and other wetland biotopes, practical experience in providing documents, proposing
solutions, discussing and performing author's supervision during construction.
KRAJINNÉ ZMĚNY VE VYBRANÝCH LOKALITÁCH POLABÍ SE ZAMĚŘENÍM NA MOKŘADY, VČETNĚ RYBNÍKŮ
Pavel Richter
DOI: 10.11118/978-80-7509-932-7-0047
LANDSCAPE CHANGES IN SELECTED LOCATIONS OF POLABÍ LOWLAND WITH
A FOCUS ON WETLANDS, INCLUDING PONDS
This article presents three typologically different sites from Polabí where large-scale wetland
sites were located in the past, including ponds. These sites were chosen in order to present
disappeared floodplain meadows, disappeared “field” wetlands, disappeared ponds and,
simultaneously, to present sites where wetland habitats have been at least partially restored.
The main aim was to present easily accessible archival maps, on the basis of which it is
possible to assess the spatio-temporal dynamics of wetland habitats in the places of
disappeared wetlands with regard to their possible restoration. The article presents the map
of the 2nd military mapping as best suited for primary detection of historic wetlands. This
map shows the state of the landscape in the mid-19th century rather accurately. It was,
among other things, a landscape of almost unregulated watercourses, including their
floodplains, as well as wetlands and springs where there is arable land nowadays. However,
even the spatially less accurate map of the 1st military mapping from the second half of the
18th century provides suitable information for rough identification or detection of wetlands.
Müller’s map of Bohemia from 1720, which is spatially inaccurate, can also be used as
a supplement to newer documents because it shows water bodies (ponds). The information
obtained can be used, for example, in landscape planning, especially with regard to the
restoration and management of wetland habitats, including ponds. There is an increase in
landscape biodiversity at the sites restored in this way, which is in line with the EU
Biodiversity Strategy for 2030.
VODOPROPUSTNÉ MLATOVÉ POVRCHY PRO STEZKY A CHODNÍKY V KRAJINĚ
Karel Zlatuška
DOI: 10.11118/978-80-7509-932-7-0063
WATER-PERMEABLE FINE-GRAVEL SURFACES FOR PATHS AND SIDEWALKS IN
THE COUNTRYSIDE
The paper discusses tamped areas as an alternative surface for paths and sidewalks in the
countryside and shows the possibilities of information from the German FLL Methodology in
a similar climatic area - in the Czech Republic. In this context, the level of its water
permeability is also described. It is stated that a value of 3.6 litres per square meter per hour
allows only light rain to be absorbed. Therefore, it is necessary to add drainage equipment to
tamped paths and sidewalks. The conditions or limits for the use of the tamped areas follow
from the stated properties: (i) operation of vehicles up to 3.5 t and without horses, (ii)
minimum surface slope of 2.5% and maximum of approx. 6%, (iii) regular and intensive
maintenance. The article further describes in detail the technical requirements for aggregate
mixtures for tamped areas, the method of construction and maintenance. At the end of the
article there is a short comparison with similar materials and constructions that are used in
the Czech Republic on forest and field roads.
STAVEBNÍ ZÁKON A ZMĚNY PRO PROJEKTOVÁNÍ MALÝCH VODNÍCH NÁDRŽÍ
Stanislav Žatecký
DOI: 10.11118/978-80-7509-932-7-0082
Influence of the Building Act on the requirements for the design of small water reservoirs. Data necessary to ensure the safety of the water dams.
ZAVEDENÍ NOVÝCH METODICKÝCH POSTUPŮ V OCHRANĚ PŮDY PŘED EROZÍ
Jana Podhrázská
DOI: 10.11118/978-80-7509-932-7-0087
INTRODUCTION OF NEW METHODOLOGICAL PRACTICES IN SOIL EROSION
PROTECTION
Experts from the broad academic community and practitioners have been pointing out the
need to update the current guidance for some time. This work has been made possible by
the launch in 2022 of a project in the TAČR Environment for Life programme, on which
a broad consortium of experts from research and practice is working. The aim is to create
a new comprehensive methodology for erosion protection, covering the issues of all erosion
processes occurring on agricultural soils in the Czech Republic. It will synthesize essential
new research and practice findings from the Czech Republic and abroad. The presented
article is a brief sample of partial outputs of the project in 2022, prepared by a team of
researchers from CTU, ČZU, MENDELU, UPOL, VUT, VUMOP and GEPRO.
VÝZNAM A VYUŽITÍ LESNÍCH MELIORAČNÍCH OKRSKŮ PRO ZVÝŠENÍ RETENČNÍ FUNKCE LESŮ
Vratislav Mansfeld
DOI: 10.11118/978-80-7509-932-7-0093
THE IMPORTANCE AND USE OF FOREST AMELIORATION DISTRICTS TO INCREASE THE
RETENTION FUNCTION OF FORESTS
The accomplishment of the hydric functions of forests is currently limited by the extreme effects of
climate change, especially in relation to episodic droughts and heat waves. These phenomena are
becoming widespread and intense. The deprivation of forest soil caused by drought negatively affects
the growth of forest stands. When solving the given situation, water retention in forests must be
supported. Slowing down and transforming runoff is a prerequisite for water accumulation by forest
ecosystems, including the improvement of soil conditions of the forest site. When protecting and
restoring the natural water regime in forests, it is necessary to establish a groundwork for supporting
the retention function of forests. In the Regional Plans of Forest Development, water-affected habitats
are identified through The Czech typological system of forest sites. On this basis, forestry ameliorative
districts are defined and mapped. Subsequently, it is possible to formulate recommendations aimed at
strengthening the retention capacity of forest habitats by optimisation of the forest management using
a specific (above-limit) water regime of forest soils.