DOI - Mendel University Press

DOI identifiers

DOI: 10.11118/978-80-7509-996-9-0136

A PLANT-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS: A BRIEF INSIGHT INTO A COMPLICATED STORY

Nataša Hulak1, Darija Bendelja Ljoljić1, Iva Dolenčić Špehar1, Ivica Kos1, Ivan Vnučec1

Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, a bacterial plant pathogen, poses a significant threat to crop production and often leads to considerable yield losses. Due to its infectivity in Arabidopsis thaliana, a widely studied plant model, P. syringae serves as an exemplary model organism for studying the intricacies of infection processes. This short communication offers a molecular biology-based overview of bacterial pathogenesis and highlights the interplay between the virulence factors of the pathogen and the defence mechanisms of the host. Phytohormones, central regulators of the immune response, and the methylation status of the host are of central importance for plant defence. Wide genome methylation changes are dynamic under the influence of pathogens, and it is hypothesised that loss of DNA methylation in the host plant (Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0) plays a role in resistance to bacteria. This overview tackles the multiple functions of these important defence mechanisms and examines how the pathogen subverts their functions to facilitate the progression of infection.

Keywords: Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, pathogenesis, plant-pathogen interactions, methylation, Arabidopsis thaliana

pages: 136-140, online: 2024



References

  1. Anderson, J. P., Gleason, C. A., Foley, R. C., Thrall, P. H., Burdon, J. B., Singh, K.B. (2010): Plants versus pathogens: An evolutionary arms race. Functional Plant Biology, 37, 499-512. Go to original source...
  2. Boller, T., Felix, G. (2009): A renaissance of elicitors: Perception of microbe-associated molecular patterns and danger signals by pattern-recognition receptors. Annu Rev Plant Biol, 60, 379-407. Go to original source...
  3. Canonne, J., Rivas, S. (2012): Bacterial effectors target the plant cell nucleus to subvert host transcription. Plant signaling & behavior, 7(2), 217-221. Go to original source...
  4. Ciarroni, S., Gallipoli, L., Taratufolo, M. C., Butler, M. I., Poulter, R. T. M., Pourcel, C., Vergnaud, G., Balestra, G. M., Mazzaglia, A. (2015): Development of a Multiple Loci Variable Number of Tandem Repeats Analysis (MLVA) to Unravel the Intra- Pathovar Structure of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Populations Worldwide. PLoS ONE, 10, e0135310. Go to original source...
  5. Dowen, R. H., Pelizzola, M, Schmitz, R. J., Lister, R, Dowen, J. M., Nery, J. R., Dixon, J. E., Ecker, J. R. (2012): Widespread dynamic DNA methylation in response to biotic stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 109(32):E2183-91. Go to original source...
  6. Gong, Z., Morales-Ruiz, T., Ariza, R. R., Roldán-Arjona, T., David, L., Zhu, J. K. (2002): ROS1, a repressor of transcriptional gene silencing in Arabidopsis, encodes a DNA glycosylase/lyase. Cell, 13;111(6):803-14. Go to original source...
  7. Huettel, B., Kanno, T., Daxinger, L., Bucher, E., van der Winden, J., Matzke, A .J., Matzke, M. (2007): RNA-directed DNA methylation mediated by DRD1 and Pol IVb: a versatile pathway for transcriptional gene silencing in plants. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1769(5-6):358-74. Go to original source...
  8. Hulak, N., González Plaza, J. J. (2015): 'Plant-Pathogen Interactions: A Brief Insight into a Complicated Story', Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus, 80(4), pg. 217-222.
  9. Jones, J. D. G., Dangl, J. L. (2006): The plant immune system. Nature, 444, 323-329. Go to original source...
  10. Jones, N. (2013): Planetary disasters: It could happen one night. Nature, 493, 154-156. Go to original source...
  11. Laird, P. W. (2010): Principles and Challenges of Genomewide DNA Methylation Analysis. Nat Rev Genet., 11(3):191-203. Go to original source...
  12. Marois, E., Van den Ackerveken, G., Bonas, U. (2002): The xanthomonas type III effector protein AvrBs3 modulates plant gene expression and induces cell hypertrophy in the susceptible host. Mol Plant Microbe Interact., 15(7):637-46. Go to original source...
  13. Matzke, M., Kanno, T., Daxinger, L., Huettel, B., Matzke, A. J. (2009): RNA-mediated chromatin-based silencing in plants. Curr Opin Cell Biol., 21(3):367-376. Go to original source...
  14. Melotto, M., Underwood, W., Koczan, J., Nomura, K., He, S.Y. (2006): Plant Stomata Function in Innate Immunity against Bacterial Invasion. Cell, 126, 969-980. Go to original source...
  15. Pavet, V., Quintero, C., Cecchini, N. M,. Rosa, A. L., Alvarez, M. E. (2006): Arabidopsis displays centromeric DNA hypomethylation and cytological alterations of heterochromatin upon attack by pseudomonas syringae. Mol Plant Microbe Interact., 19(6):577-587. Go to original source...
  16. Pennisi, E. (2010): Armed and dangerous. Science, (New York, NY), 327, 804. Go to original source...
  17. Saijo, Y., Reimer-Michalski, E. M. (2013): Epigenetic Control of Plant Immunity. In: Grafi, G., Ohad, N. (eds) Epigenetic Memory and Control in Plants. Signaling and Communication in Plants, vol 18. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Go to original source...
  18. Schwessinger, B., Zipfel, C. (2008): News from the frontline: recent insights into PAMP-triggered immunity in plants. Curr Opin Plant Biol, 11, 389-395. Go to original source...
  19. Vanneste, J., Cornish, D., Yu, J., Stokes, C. (2014): First Report of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae the Causal Agent of Bacterial Canker of Kiwifruit on Actinidia arguta Vines in New Zealand. Plant Disease 98, 418-418. Go to original source...
  20. Xie, S. S., Duan, C. G. (2023): Epigenetic regulation of plant immunity: from chromatin codes to plant disease resistance. aBIOTECH 4, 124-139. Go to original source...
  21. Xin, X. F., He, S. Y. (2013): Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000: a model pathogen for probing disease susceptibility and hormone signaling in plants. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol., 51, 473-498. Go to original source...
  22. Yu, A., Lepère, G., Jay, F., Wang, J., Bapaume, L., Wang, Y., Abraham, A. L., Penterman, J., Fischer, R. L., Voinnet, O., Navarro, L. (2013): Dynamics and biological relevance of DNA demethylation in Arabidopsis antibacterial defense. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(6), 2389-2394. Go to original source...
  23. Zeng, W., Brutus, A., Kremer, J. M., Withers, J. C., Gao, X., Jones, A. D. and He, S. Y. (2011): A genetic screen reveals Arabidopsis stomatal and/or apoplastic defenses against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. PLoS Pathog., 7, e1002291. Go to original source...
  24. Zhang, W., Zhao, F., Jiang, L., Chen, C., Wu, L., Liu, Z. (2018): Different Pathogen Defense Strategies in Arabidopsis: More than Pathogen Recognition. Cells, 7(12):252. Go to original source...
  25. Zipfel, C., Robatzek, S., Navarro, L., Oakeley, E. J., Jones, J. D.,G., Felix, G., Boller, T. (2004). Bacterial disease resistance in Arabidopsis through flagellin perception. Nature, 428, 764-767. Go to original source...