DOI - Vydavatelství Mendelovy univerzity v Brně

Identifikátory DOI

DOI: 10.11118/978-80-7701-098-6-0020

ASSESSING ACCUMULATED HEAT UNITS FOR BBCH-SCALED GROWTH STAGES OF QUERCUS CERRIS L. IN BAB FOREST

Sabica Naz ORCID...1,2, Tomas Rusnak ORCID...1, Lubos Halada ORCID...1
1 Institute of Landscape Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademická 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
2 Constantine the Philosopher University, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 1, Nitra, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia

Quercus cerris L. is a common tree species in the lowland forests of Central Europe, and its temperature requirements for the full annual growth cycle have not been assessed enough. This study recorded the BBCH-scaled growth stages of Q. cerris in Bab Forest near Nitra, Slovakia, during 2025, and calculated the accumulated heat units (AHU) required to complete all growth phases. AHU was calculated from daily air temperature data with a base temperature of 5 °C. Findings confirmed that full foliage required the most AHU 1,569.8 °C in the duration of 109 days, fruit development at 1,067.7 °C, and fruit maturation at 789.1 °C, respectively. Spring phases completed their growth cycle in a short duration, with budburst in early spring and leaf development in late spring, and these stages recorded the lowest AHU values, along with the senescence phase. Phenophase duration and AHU showed a positive Spearman correlation (ρ = 0.74). The AHU values for Q. cerris assessed in this study will be useful in phenological modelling and climate adaptation planning.

Klíčová slova: BBCH, phenology, Quercus cerris, oak, accumulated heat units, temperature

stránky: 20-24, online: 2026



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